多伦多大学的学术不端行为由《学术事务行为准则》定义。一般来说，学术不端行为是指使学生在学术工作中比其他学生获得不劳而获或不公平优势的任何行为，无论是有意还是无意。该准则概述了教学关系中各方的责任，以及大学追求和传播知识的道德原则。大学学术界的所有成员都应熟悉并遵守本准则中规定的规定。
Academic misconduct at the University of Toronto is defined by the Code of Behaviour on Academic Matters. Generally, academic misconduct is any behaviour, intentional or otherwise, that gives a student an unearned or unfair advantage in academic work over other students.
The Code outlines the responsibilities of all parties in the teaching and learning relationship, and the ethical principles which characterize the pursuit and transmission of knowledge at university. All members of the university’s academic community are expected to be familiar with and abide by the regulations set in this Code.
1. 多伦多大学如何约束学术/非学术行为？
在任何情况下，都应考虑在学生的学业记录和成绩单上注明学术裁决情况：
- 对于涉及抄袭行为，建议根据作品中抄袭的数量、是否提供或捏造（或任何）引用以及是否提供对来源材料的任何确认，建议予以制裁范围从学术作业成绩降低二分之一，到作业最终成绩为零或不及格，或课程成绩为零。
- 对于涉及提交（或重新提交）两门或多门课程的学分作业的违规行为，建议对该课程的最终成绩最高处以零分。
- 对于涉及在作业、测试或考试中提供或接受未经授权的协助，或在测试或考试期间拥有或使用未经授权的辅助工具的违法行为，建议给予从作业或测试零分到最高一级的处罚。课程最终成绩为零。
In all cases, the division should consider placing a notation of the sanction on the student’s academic record and transcript.
- For offences involving plagiarism, depending on the amount of plagiarism contained in the work, whether or not accurate (or any) citations are provided or concocted, and whether or not any acknowledgment of the source material is provided, the Provost recommends a sanction ranging from reduction in the grade on the piece of academic work by one-half, to a final grade of zero or failure for the piece of work or zero for the course.
- For offences involving the submission (or resubmission) of assignments for academic credit in two or more courses, the Provost recommends a sanction of up to a final grade of zero in the course.
- For offences involving providing or receiving unauthorized assistance on an assignment or in a test or examination, or possession or use of unauthorized aids during a test or examination, the Provost recommends a sanction ranging from a zero on the assignment or test up to a final grade of zero in the course.
2. 多伦多大学如何判定学术不端问题？
作弊 (Cheating)
在任何学术活动中使用或拥有不适当的或禁止的材料、信息、来源或辅助工具；也包括将他人准备的论文、研究结果或报告、分析以及其他文本或视觉材料和媒体作为自己的作品提交。
抄袭 (Plagiarism)
在没有给予适当信誉的情况下，使用他人的话语、观点、图片、成果等任何形式或媒体。
助长学术不诚信（Facilitation of Dishonesty）
有意或无意地允许自己的作品在未经教师事先允许的情况下被他人使用，或其他帮助他人违反学术诚信的行为。
其他违规行为（Other violations）
这类违规行为包括作为学术不诚实行为的一部分而实施的盗窃、欺诈、伪造或发放非法获得的材料。
具体信息请参考：多伦多大学学术诚信指南
3. 如何在多伦多大学提出学术申诉？
对审判决定的上诉应由纪律上诉委员会组成的小组审理，该小组由仲裁庭的高级主席或其指定的副主席和两名最好来自学术委员会的纪律上诉委员会成员组成董事会提名人。学术委员会的提名人应从现任或前任成员中选出。每个小组中至少有一名成员应是一名非学生的教职人员，并且至少一名成员应是一名非教职人员的学生。
当纪律上诉委员会审理上诉时，
(a) 参与上诉裁决的仲裁庭成员均不得参加上诉；
(b) 以听取上诉的多数成员的决定为准，主持主席应是有投票权的成员
Appeals from decisions at trial shall be heard by a panel drawn from the Discipline Appeals Board consisting of the Senior Chair of the Tribunal, or an Associate Chair designated by him or her, and two members of the Discipline Appeals Board drawn preferably from the Academic Board nominees to the Board. The Academic Board’s nominees shall be chosen from among its current or former members. At least one member of each panel shall be a faculty member who is not also a student and at least one shall be a student who is not also a faculty member.
Where the Discipline Appeals Board hears an appeal,
(a) no Tribunal member who participated in the decision appealed from shall participate in the appeal; and
(b) the decision of the majority of the members hearing the appeal shall govern, and the presiding Chair shall be a voting member
4. 为什么选择象牙塔国际教育？
象牙塔作为国际教育咨询行业的领先者，深耕教育行业数十年，致力于制定服务于人生目标的教育规划。自成立以来，成功帮助数千位学生积极面对危机并走出困境。
象牙塔针对各个阶段都有着数十位经验丰富的团队顾问，在学术危机中，团队老师谨记学生案件的难点、痛点、以及紧迫性，站在学生的立场上制定极具前瞻性的解决方案，尽全力做到走对每一步，避免后续链式负面影响的发生。
我们深知学生承担着多大的压力，我们也愿意站出来为学生分担风险。在学生遭遇到学术诚信问题时，都需要经历纷繁复杂的过程，象牙塔国际教育致力于打造全链条、立体化、一站式的学术诚信危机处理服务平台，我们希望能做同学们学术道路上的坚固防线，为你们的学习生涯保驾护航。
